Microsoft SharePoint Blog site template does not provide a convenient way for grouping your blog posts. You can include them in different predefined categories or search them in archives but there is no convenient way for grouping or sorting your posts.
Using the jQuery / HTML5 Grid Web Part with Posts List
By default the Blog template creates a few SharePoint lists, used for creating blog posts – Posts, Comments, and Categories. In the screenshot below you can see a sample list with a few articles from different authors and different status.

Now, you can simply add a new Page to your blog (it would probably prompt you if you would like to create a page library) where you would place and configure your Grid.
Connect the Grid to the Posts list of your blog, using the Data Source Picker dialog:

In my case, I am selecting All Posts list view. You can choose different view for your purposes.
We make sure grouping, sorting, filtering are enabled in the Grid Settings panel:

It is recommended to disable editing. New posts will not be added properly if added through the Grid. This is caused since not all columns are presented in the Grid and some content is read-only.
Finally, we would setup initial grouping of the articles.
Clicking the “select columns” link from the Grouping panel (found on the preview area of the Grid) would bring up the Add to Group By dialog. We add a couple of columns to group by:

Clicking the Apply button would save this grouping settings.
Save the result by clicking the OK button in the Grid Editor dialog.

From here on, your users can sort, group or filter the available blog posts. These settings would be applied just client side, i.e. each user applies them for herself.

If the user would like to read a particular blog post, she needs to click the View link.

Official NetAdvantage for SharePoint Web Site: http://www.infragistics.com/dotnet/netadvantage/sharepoint.aspx#Overview
Official NetAdvantage for SharePoint Samples: http://sharepoint.infragistics.com/